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The magnetic susceptibity is a measure of how much force or torque is experienced by a substance within a magnetic field. Most biological materials are diamagentic, unless they contain metal ions. (Ferromagnetic substances are paramagnetic with very high magnetic susceptibilty). Calcium carbonate is the primary mineral within the otoconia, and it has a magnetic susceptibility of -38.2x10-6 cgs (CRC Handbook?): higher than the susceptibility of calcium hydroxyapatite in bone (0.9x10-6 cgs) [113], but far lower than the susceptibility of ferromagnetic crystals like Fe2O3 (7200x10-6 cgs).  

The magnetic susceptibity is a measure of how much force or torque is experienced by a substance within a magnetic field. Most biological materials are diamagentic, unless they contain metal ions. (Ferromagnetic substances are paramagnetic with very high magnetic susceptibilty). Calcium carbonate is the primary mineral within the otoconia, and it has a magnetic susceptibility of -38.2x10-6 cgs (CRC Handbook?): higher than the susceptibility of calcium hydroxyapatite in bone (0.9x10-6 cgs) [113], but far lower than the susceptibility of ferromagnetic crystals like Fe2O3 (7200x10-6 cgs).  

The Hasenstein lab at UL Lafayette has a nice description of [http://www.ucs.louisiana.edu/~khh6430/magnet.html how to calculate the force] exerted on a diamagnetic substance in a magnetic gradient.

The Hasenstein lab at UL Lafayette has a nice description of [https://userweb.ucs.louisiana.edu/~khh6430/magnet.html how to calculate the force] exerted on a diamagnetic substance in a magnetic gradient.

=Otolith assymetry=

=Otolith assymetry=